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Field Marshal Sir William Rowan, GCB (18 June 1789 – 26 September 1879) was a British Army officer. He served in the Peninsular War and then the Hundred Days, fighting at the Battle of Waterloo and taking part in an important charge led by Sir John Colborne against the Imperial Guard. He later assisted Colborne in Colborne's new role as Acting Governor General of British North America during the rebellions by the Patriote movement in 1837. Rowan returned to Canada as Commander-in-Chief, North America in which role he made an important conciliatory speech in response to the burning of the Parliament Buildings in Montreal by an angry mob in April 1849. ==Military career== Born the son of Robert Rowan of County Antrim and Elizabeth Rowan (née Wilson),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rowan, Sir William )〕 Rowan was the younger brother of Sir Charles Rowan (c.1782–1852), Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police in London.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rowan, Sir William )〕 Rowan was commissioned as an ensign in the 52nd Light Infantry on 4 November 1803 and promoted to lieutenant on 15 June 1804.〔Heathcote, p. 256〕 He was deployed to Sicily in 1806 and to Sweden in 1808 before being promoted to captain and being given command of a company in the 2nd Battalion of his regiment on 19 October 1808.〔 During the Peninsular War he fought in Spain under General Robert Craufurd: although heavily engaged providing covering fire for Sir John Moore's famous retreat, he was not present at the Battle of Corunna in January 1809, having been detached to Vigo, from where he returned to England.〔 He was present at the capture of Flushing in August 1809 during the disastrous Walcheren Campaign.〔Heathcote, p. 257〕 After returning to Spain, he was present at the Battle of Sabugal in April 1811, the Battle of Vitoria in June 1813, the Battle of the Pyrenees in July 1813 and the Battle of the Bidassoa in October 1813 as well as the Battle of Nivelle in November 1813, the Battle of the Nive in December 1813, the Battle of Orthez in February 1814 and, having been promoted to brevet major on 3 March 1814, he also fought at the Battle of Toulouse in April 1814.〔 During the Hundred Days Rowan fought at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815 taking part in an important charge led by Sir John Colborne against the Imperial Guard.〔 After the War he served in the Army of Occupation of France and was put in charge of the 1st arrondissement of Paris.〔 Promoted to brevet lieutenant colonel on 21 January 1819, Rowan was posted with his regiment to New Brunswick in 1823 before being promoted to the substantive rank of major on 4 May 1826. He transferred to the 58th Regiment of Foot on 27 July 1826 and, having been promoted to the substantive rank of lieutenant colonel on 22 July 1830, he became Military and Civil Secretary to Sir John Colborne, Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, in 1832.〔 He was promoted to colonel on 10 January 1837 and assisted Colborne in Colborne's new role as Acting Governor General of British North America during the rebellions by the Patriote movement in 1837.〔 Rowan was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 19 July 1838 before returning to England in 1839.〔 Promoted to major-general on 9 November 1846, Rowan returned to Canada as Commander-in-Chief, North America in Spring 1849.〔 In this role he made an important conciliatory speech in response to the burning of the Parliament Buildings in Montreal by an angry mob in April 1849.〔 Promoted to the local rank of lieutenant general on 22 June 1849 and to substantive rank of lieutenant-general on 20 January 1854, he returned to England in 1855 and retired to a house in Gay Street, Bath.〔 He was advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 5 February 1856. Rowan was also colonel of the 19th Regiment of Foot and later of the 52nd Light Infantry. He was promoted to full general on 13 August 1862 and, having been advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 28 March 1865, he was promoted to field marshal on 2 June 1877. He died on 26 September 1879 and was buried at Lansdown Cemetery in Bath.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Rowan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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